Effectiveness of Vitamin D level in Patients who had Sleeve Gasterectomy Surgery for Morbid Obesity; Retrospective Clinical study

Abstract

Background: Obesity is associated with various comorbidities in addition to increased mortality. Indeed, a modest 3-5% weight loss results in an improvement in various health outcomes. Various treatment options are currently available for weight management, including surgical and non-surgical approaches. Weight loss varies widely between interventions and is highest following bariatric surgery. Body mass index, and particularly fat mass, is a known determinant of Vitamin D deficiency is common in individuals with obesity. Such a deficiency is multifactorial. Low vitamin intake and supplements, poor dietary habits and low sun exposure are important risk factors. In addition, changes in the activity and expression of enzymatic pathways involved in vitamin D metabolism have been observed, including a decrease in the expression of hydroxylation enzymes, namely 25-hydroxylase and 1α-hydroxylase in adipose tissue, and a decrease in hepatic 25-hydroxylation. The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between vitamin D level and weight loss in patients after Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy, a Bariatric Surgery.

Methods: The files of all patients who had bariatric surgery between January 2017 and January 2021 were reviewed. All patients who underwent sleeve gastrectomy were retrospectively evaluated for weight loss and Vitamin D levels in the specified time period. We see very good results in 6 months, maximum excess weight loss in one year, lower weight loss between one year and three years.

Results: Eighty-five patients who managed to be evaluated for weight loss at 6 months, 1 year, and 3 years after surgery during the analyzed period were included in the study. Of 85 patients, 65 (77%) were female, 20 (23%) were male, and the mean age was 43 (27-51 years). The mean preoperative BMI was 46.7 kg/m2 (range 44.6-57.4).

Conclusion: Despite the increase in vitamin D levels due to weight loss in the early period in patients who have undergone bariatric surgery, patients need vitamin D support after a certain period of time. The effect of this vitamin D supplement on weight loss is not clearly understood. Double-blind randomized clinical studies are needed to obtain clearer results.