To Determine the Bacteriological Profile and Antibiotic Sensitivity Pattern of the Isolates Causing Ventilator Associated Pneumonia in ICU Patients
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21276/yhm83y57Keywords:
Ventilator associated pneumonia, Intensive care unit, Multi drug resistant, EndotrachealAbstract
Background: Ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) is a type of nosocomial pneumonia occurring in patients who are mechanically ventilated for more than 48 hours. VAP is the most common nosocomial infection occurring in the intensive care units and its incidence varies from 8% to 28%.
AIMS & OBJECTIVES- This study was done to determine the bacteriological profile and antibiotic sensitivity pattern of the isolates obtained from the endotracheal aspirates of the clinically suspected patients of VAP in ICU. Materials & Methods: Ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) is a type of nosocomial pneumonia occurring in patients who are mechanically ventilated for more than 48 hours. VAP is the most common nosocomial infection occurring in the intensive care units and its incidence varies from 8% to 28%. AIMS & OBJECTIVES- This study was done to determine the bacteriological profile and antibiotic sensitivity pattern of the isolates obtained from the endotracheal aspirates of the clinically suspected patients of VAP in ICU. Results: Out of 110 patients included in the study, only 85 patients were diagnosed as VAP patients based on clinical and microbiological criteria. Pseudomonas aeruginosa (35.55%) was the most common gram-negative isolate obtained in VAP cases followed by Escherichia coli (27.77%) and Acinetobacter baumanni (16.66%). Among Gram positive bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus 40 (80%) was the most common isolate. The most active antibiotic against the gram-negative isolates was imipenem (82.2%), followed by piperacillin-tazobactum (77.7%) and amikacin (63.3%). All the Gram-positive isolates were susceptible to vancomycin and linezolid. Conclusion: Due to the increasing incidence of multi drug resistant pathogens in ICU, early and correct diagnosis of VAP is an important challenge for critical care physicians. Hence, knowing the bacteriological profile causing VAP and their routine antibiotic susceptibility pattern can improve the patient’s clinical outcome.
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