Seroprevalence & Risk Factors of Hepatitis B Surface Antigen among Pregnant Women Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital of Southern Rajasthan, India
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21276/xrtc5178Keywords:
Hepatitis B surface antigen, pregnant women, Vertical TransmissionAbstract
Background: Hepatitis B virus infection is a major global health problem and India accounts for 10- 15%of the entire pool of HBV carriers of the world. Prevalence of Hepatitis B in pregnant women worldwide is 2.5 to 1.5%, whereas in India it is 2 to 7%. Hepatitis B virus is a double stranded DNA virus. The study was undertaken to determine the seroprevalence of Hepatitis B among the pregnant women in southern part of Rajasthan at a rural based tertiary care teaching hospital. Methods: This is a prospective study conducted at a tertiary care hospital, Udaipur, Rajasthan, from August 2015 to December 2017.Blood samples were collected from 1011 pregnant women with age ranging from 15- 45 years. Screening of HBsAg was done by RPHA method and positive HBsAg tests were confirmed by ELISA. The data of those , who were found to be positive for HBsAg was statistically analyzed with the chi square tests, and results were considered significant if the p value was <0.05.
Results: The overall HBsAg seroprevalence rate was 1.28%, among the total 1011 pregnant women included in this study. HBsAg seroprevalence was highest, (1.64%) in 15-25 years of age group, and 1.71% in the second trimester of pregnancy. The correlations of seroprevalence rate of HBsAg among selected age groups and according to second trimester of pregnancy were not found statistically significant. (p value>0.05)
Conclusion: In this study the seroprevalence of Hepatitis B surface antigen was 1.28%. To prevent vertical transmission in the pregnant women, they should be screened for HBsAg at the first antenatal visit for appropriate management.
Downloads
References
World Health Organization. Introducing Hepatitis B Vaccine in Universal Immunization Programme in India. A Brief Scenario. 2012. Available from: URL:http://www.whoindia.org/en/section6/section8.htm
Uyar Y, Cabar C, Balci A. Seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus among pregnant women in Northern Turkey. Hepatitis Monthly. 2009;9(2):146–149.
Kolawole OM, Wahab AA, Adekanle DA, Sibanda T, Okoh AI. Seroprevalence Of hepatitis B Surface antigenemia and its effects on hematological parameters in pregnant women in Osogbo, Nigeria. Virol J.2012;9:317.
Jonas MM, Reddy RK, Demedina M, Sehiff ER. Hepatitis B Infection in large municipal obstetric population: characterization and preventon of perinatal transmission Am J Gastroenterol.1990;85:277.
Tse KY, Ho LF, Lao T. The impact of maternal HBsAg carrier status on pregnancy outcomes: a case-control study. J Hepatol 2005;43:771–5.
Gukk HH, Majumdar PD, dhurinjiboy KR, Desai HG, prevalence Of Hepatitis B, antigen In pregnant women and patients with liver disease. J Assoc. Physicians Of India.1995;43:247-48.
Hieber JP, Dalton D, Shorey J. Hepatitis and pregnancy. J Pediatr 1977;91:545-9.
Reinus J, Leikin E. Viral hepatitis in pregnancy. Clin Liver Dis 1999;3:115-30.
Shazia PS, Shyamala R, Rao JR, Rao RMV. Sero-prevalence of Hepatitis B surface antigen among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic in a teaching hospital. J Microbiol Biotech Res 2012;2:343-5.
Pande C, Sarin SK, Patra S, Bhutia K, Mishra SK, Pahuja S, et al. Prevalence, risk factors and virological profile of chronic hepatitis B virus infection in Pregnant Women in India. J Med Virol 2011;83:962-7.10.
Biswas SC, Gupta I, Ganguly NK, Chawla Y, Dilawari JB. Prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen in pregnant mothers and its perinatal ransmission. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1989;83:698- 700.11.
Mittal SK, Rao S, Rastogi A, Aggarwal V, Kumari S. Hepatitis B:potential of perinatal transmission in India. Trop Gastroenterol 1996;17:190-2.12.
Horvat RT, Tegtmeier GE. Hepatitis B and D viruses.Manual of Clinical Microbiology. In: Murray PR, Baron EJ,Jorgensen JH, Pfaller MA and Yolken RH.editors. Washington D.C: ASM Press.2003:1464-78.
Vijay C Ambade, Indu Bhushan, Rashmi Sinha, Seroprevalence Of Hepatitis B Surface Ntigen Among Pregnant Women In Rural Based Teaching Hospital Of Northern Maharashtra, India. International Journal of Medical Science and PublicHealth | 2014 | Vol3|Issue12
Dwivedi M, Misra SP, Misra V, Pandey A, Pant S, Singh R et al., Seroprevalence of hepatitis B infection during pregnancy and risk Sharavanan TKV et al., Sch.J. App. Med. Sci., 2014; 2(4C):1351- 1354 1354 of perinatal transmission. Indi-an J Gastroenterol., 2012; 30(2): 66-71
Chatterjee S, Ravishankar K., Chatterjee R., Narang A, Kinikar A. Hepatitis B Prevalence during Pregnancy. Indian Pediatr 2009;46:1005-8.
Banerjee A,Chakravarty R, Mondal PN, Chakraborty MS; Hepatitis B virus gen-otype D infection among antenatal patients attending a maternity hospital in Calcutta, India: association of infectivity status. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health.,2005; 36(1): 203-206.
Hepatitis in pregnancy. ACOG Technical Bulletin Number 174-- November 1992. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 1993;42:189-98.
Gill HH, Majumdar PD, Dhunjibhoy KR, Desai HG. Prevalence of hepatitis B e antigen in pregnant women and patients with liver disease. J Assoc Physicians India 1995;43:247–8.
Nayak NC, Panda SK, Zuckerman AJ, Bhan MK, Guha DK. Dynamics and impact of perinatal transmission of hepatitis B virus in North India. J Med Virol 1987;21:137–45.
Khakhkhar VM, Bhuva PJ, Bhuva SP, Patel CP, Cholera MS. Sero- prevalence of Hepatitis B amongst Pregnant Women attending the Antenatal clinic of a Tertiary Care Hospital, Jamnagar(Gujarat). National Journal of Medical Research 2012;2:362-5.
Alrowaily MA, Abolfotouh MA, Ferwanah MS. Hepatitis B virus sero- prevalence among pregnant females in Saudi Arabia. Saudi J Gastroenterol 2008;14:70–2.
Yavuzcan A, Altınbas A, Altınbas S. An unexpected low Hepatitis B seroprev alence in pregnant women from the rural Southeastern Turkey. African Journal of Microbiology Research 2011;5:3942-5.
Khattak ST, Ali Marwat M, Khattak Iu, Khan TM, Naheed T. Comparison of frequency of hepatitis B and hepatitis C in pregnant women in urbanand rural area of district Swat. J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad 2009;21:12-5.
Padmavali Palange1, B Mohan Rao2, Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B surface antigen among preg-nant women attending rural based tertiary care teaching hospital in Northern Telangana, India: A cross sectional study. Perspectives in Medical Research|January–April 2018|Vol6|Issue1.
Mehta KD, Antala S, Mistry M, Goswami Y. Seropositivity of hepatitis B, hepatitis C, syphilis, and HIV in antenatal women in India. J Infect Dev Ctries2013; 7:832-37.doi:10.3855/jidc.2764.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 International Archives of BioMedical and Clinical Research
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Authors are required to sign and submit the completed “Copyright transfer Form” upon acceptance of publication of the paper. This is determined by a publishing agreement between the author and International Archives of Biomedical and Clinical Research. These rights might include the right to publish, communicate and distribute online. Author(s) retain the copyright of their work. International Archives of Biomedical and Clinical Research supports the need for authors to share, disseminate and maximize the impact of their research.
