A Study of Diaphyseal Nutrient Foramina and Estimation of Foraminal Index in the Adult Dried Long Bones of Upper and Lower Limb
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21276/5vab5539Keywords:
Nutrient Artery, Nutrient Foramen, Fibula, Foraminal IndexAbstract
Introduction: Complete knowledge of blood supply to a long bone is essential for the success of new techniques of bone resection and transplant in orthopedics. For this, studies providing anatomical descriptions of nutrient foramen are very much required. The preoperative knowledge is the key of success in preserving nutrient blood supply. This is essential to keep the vascularized bone graft vital so that the healing of the graft to the recipient bone can be facilitated. This study provides additional information on the upper limb and lower limb long bone nutrient foramina and foraminal index.
Materials and Methods: Present study is consisted of cleaned and dried adult human bones of upper and lower limb (55 tibia, 53 fibula, 86 radius and 62 ulna) which were obtained from the osteology collection in the Department of Anatomy, SMS medical college Jaipur. The location and number of the nutrient foramina were analyzed in each bone. Total length (TL) of different bones was measured. Number and location of nutrient foramina were observed and tabulated. Distance of nutrient foramina from the proximal end of long bone (DNF) was measured in each bone. Using above data Foraminal index (FI) was calculated (FI = DNF/TL X 100).
Results: All tibia and fibula showed single nutrient foramen. All ulna bones showed single nutrient foramen but 2.3% radius bones showed multiple foramina. 64.15% fibula bones showed NF in the lateral surface of bone. A significant positive moderate correlation existed between the total length and FI (r= 0.767 p < 0.001S) by using Pearson’s correlation coefficient.
Conclusion: The present study proved that most of the nutrient foramina were observed to lie on the flexor surface of the bones. Thus, on the radius and ulna they were mostly on the anterior surfaces while on the tibia and fibula, they were located on the posterior surface.
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